Correction & Retractions

Overview

Occasionally, post-publication amendments to the Version of Record (VoR) may be necessary to maintain the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly literature. Any modification to a published article in Iqtishadia: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah is executed after careful consideration by the Editorial Board, adhering strictly to the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Except for minor typographical edits that do not affect the article's meaning or scientific integrity, any formal alteration will be accompanied by a published notice permanently linked to the original article. Depending on the nature and severity of the issue, post-publication notices may take the form of a Correction Notice, an Expression of Concern, a Retraction, or an Article Removal. All post-publication notices are freely accessible immediately upon publication.

Author Responsibilities

Authors must inform the Editorial Board promptly upon discovering any error or inaccuracy in their published manuscript, particularly those affecting data analysis, empirical findings, or theoretical interpretations. The corresponding author must ensure that all co-authors have reviewed and unanimously agreed upon any requested amendment before communicating with the Managing Editor.

Categories of Post-Publication Actions

  1. Notice of Correction

A Correction notice is published when it is necessary to rectify a significant error or omission that impacts the interpretation or readability of the article, while the overall findings and scientific integrity remain valid.

  1. Significant vs. Minor Errors:
    • Significant Errors: Errors in data calculation, missing citations, omitted author names, or ambiguous figures that alter the interpretation of the work are addressed via a formal Correction Notice.
    • Minor Errors: Minor typographical errors, formatting slips, or spelling mistakes that do not affect the validity or comprehension of the study are corrected directly in the online version without issuing a separate notice.
  2. Procedure for Corrections: When a formal correction is approved, Iqtishadia will:
    1. Update the online Version of Record (VoR) where applicable.
    2. Publish a separate, citable Correction Notice linked bi-directionally to the original article.
    3. Include an explanatory footnote within the article referencing the formal correction notice.
    4. Ensure the Correction Notice is open-access and indexed alongside the original paper.
  1. Expression of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued by the Editorial Board when serious allegations of research misconduct or publication ethics violations are raised, but the evidence is inconclusive or the formal investigation remains significantly delayed.

This notice serves to alert readers about ongoing inquiries, particularly when:

  • There is compelling evidence of potential misconduct, but an official institutional investigation has not been completed in a timely manner.
  • An investigation into alleged misconduct appears biased, inconclusive, or unresponsive to editorial inquiries.
  • Concerns regarding the reliability or validity of the findings exist, yet definitive proof to justify a retraction is not yet established.

Upon final resolution of the investigation, the Expression of Concern will be superseded or accompanied by a formal Retraction or Correction Notice.

  1. Article Retraction

A Retraction is enacted when serious ethical breaches or major technical errors invalidate the conclusions of a published paper or severely undermine the integrity of the scholarly record. Retractions are published to correct the literature and preserve scientific trust, not as a punitive measure against authors.

Grounds for Retraction include, but are not limited to:

  • Clear evidence that the research findings are unreliable, arising either from severe scientific misconduct (e.g., data fabrication, falsification, image manipulation) or honest fundamental error (e.g., calculation errors, analytical flaws).
  • Plagiarism, redundant publication (duplicate publication without proper authorization/citation), or self-plagiarism.
  • Evidence of compromised peer review, ghost/guest authorship, citation manipulation, or unauthorized use of third-party data.
  • Failure to obtain required ethical approvals or clear violations of editorial and institutional policies.

Upon deciding to retract an article, Iqtishadia will:

  • Append a prominent "RETRACTED" watermark across the PDF version of the published article.
  • Publish an independent Retraction Notice titled "Retraction: [Article Title]", explaining the grounds for retraction, linked bi-directionally to the original article on the journal’s website.
  • Retain the original PDF version on the website (with the watermark) to maintain a transparent historical publication record, except under specific legal obligations.
  1. Article Removal

Article Removal is an extraordinary step reserved for exceptional legal or ethical situations where a simple Retraction notice is insufficient.

An article will be completely removed from the online platform only if:

  • The contents violate legal rights, contain defamatory statements, or infringe upon the privacy rights of research subjects.
  • The article is subject to a direct court order or binding legal action.
  • The published material poses an immediate and substantial security, financial, or public safety risk if implemented.

In such cases, the article text will be removed, and a formal Article Removal Notice will remain on the article page detailing the necessity of the removal.

  1. Addenda

An Addendum is used to publish supplementary material or critical contextual information that complements the original paper. Addenda do not contradict the original findings or correct errors (which are handled via Corrections). All addenda undergo editorial review, may undergo peer review if deemed necessary, and are electronically linked to the corresponding published paper.