Musalwa, Rahmat Satria Dinata, Syafrimen Syafril, Ahmad Basyori, Vanadya Amelia, Putri Amelia and Salah Benrabah 2025. The Arabic Linguistic Landscape of Islamic Universities: Patterns, Strategies, and Pedagogical Practices in West Sumatra. Alibbaa’: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab. 6, 2 (Jul. 2025), 243-263. DOI:https://doi.org/10.19105/ajpba.v6i2.19601.