Al-Huquq: Journal of Indonesian Islamic Economic Law

Ekologi Fikih Muamalah: Inovasi Sains dan Teknologi Pesantren di Jawa Timur

Abdul Haq Syawqi — 2025-06-26

Artikel ini membahas peran pesantren baik salaf dan modern di Jawa Timur dalam menghadapi krisis lingkungan melalui pendekatan hukum ekonomi islam, ekologi serta teknologi. Pesantren yang dikenal dengan pola pendidikan tradisional dan kurang maju ternyata memiliki kontribusi nyata dalam praktik keberlanjutan lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan studi kasus pada beberapa pesantren salaf dan modern di wilayah Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pesantren mengembangkan model ekonomi lokal berbasis ekologi seperti pertanian organik, pengelolaan limbah, dan konservasi air yang berakar dari nilai-nilai Islam. Akad-akad dalam fikih muamalah seperti mudaharabah dan wakalah diterapkan pada beberapa unit-unit bisnis yang dimiliki oleh pesantren Sidogiri. Kemudian Pesantren Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo sangat concern pada transaksi cashless dalam memenuhi kebutuhan harian santri. Wakaf produktif juga dikembangkan oleh dunia pesantren untuk menopang produktifitas pesantren ke depan. Aspek teknologi energi terbarukan seperti PLTS juga dipakai agar menjadi solusi kelangkaan energi di masa-masa yang akan datang. Serta ketahanan pangan tidak luput menjadi bagian yang digarap seperti menggunakan sistem pertanian hidroponik agar menciptakan inovasi ramah lingkungan. (This article examines the pivotal role of Islamic boarding schools in East Java, both traditional and modern, in mitigating environmental crises through a multidisciplinary approach that integrates Islamic economic jurisprudence, ecological principles, and technological innovation. Contrary to their reputation for traditionalism and limited modernization, these institutions have demonstrated tangible contributions to sustainable environmental practices. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive methodology with case studies of select traditional and modern Islamic boarding schools in East Java, this study reveals that these schools have developed localized economic models grounded in ecological sustainability, including organic agriculture, waste management, and water conservation, all informed by Islamic ethical values. The application of Islamic financial contracts such as mudarabah and wakalah in business units operated by the Sidogiri Islamic boarding school exemplifies this approach. Moreover, the Nurul Jadid Islamic boarding school in Probolinggo has implemented cashless transaction systems to efficiently manage student needs. The development of productive waqf by these institutions aims to enhance their long-term productivity. Furthermore, the adoption of renewable energy technologies, such as solar power, is seen as a strategic solution to future energy challenges. The pursuit of food security through innovative, environmentally friendly practices like hydroponics underscores the commitment of these Islamic boarding schools to sustainable development).

Salt Pricing Policy According to Islamic Justice Theory: Faridz Essack's Perspective

Mukhlish Mukhlish — 2025-07-19

Legal issues regarding the unfairness of state policies in regulating salt prices need to be resolved, especially regarding the preparation of salt price regulations that favour the people's interests. The salt price policy should bring benefits to the people and not merely benefit the salt middlemen. This research contributes to reforming equitable regulations where the benchmarks are based on the theory of justice according to Farid Escak's theory. This research uses normative legal research methods by basing the argumentation on salt regulations and the concept of justice in Farid Escak's theory. The research produces essential findings in the form of a national salt price policy that does not bring benefits to farmers, but the policy favours the interests of middlemen and parties in the industrial sector (companies). In addition, the framework of policy regulation on equitable salt prices in Farid Escak's perspective produces ideas in the form of determining the price of salt must be in accordance with the needs of salt farmers and more oriented towards the welfare of farmers. This research recommends the need for the renewal of salt regulations to create justice in the determination of national salt prices.

Legitimasi Etis Maqashid Syariah atas Penggunaan Artificial Intellegencia Sebagai Algoritma Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen Berbasis Hybrid Online Dispute Resolution

Musataklima — 2025-07-19

Penelitian ini membahas peluang penggunaan kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam penyelesaian sengketa konsumen melalui sistem Hybrid Online Dispute Resolution (ODR Hibrida) dan legitimasi etis maqashid syariah terhadapnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum doktrinal dengan pendekatan konsptual dan perundang-undangan. Bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier yang dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan dan internet searching yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara preskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa AI mampu mengatasi permasalahan internal di Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK). Permasalahan tersebut seperti masalah pada tingkat profesionalisme para anggota yang rendah dan tingkat kegagalan penyelesaian sengketa konsumen yang tinggi. AI dapat digunakan dalam ODR Hibrida untuk sengketa sederhana, repetitif dengan nilai kerugian di bawah Rp. 500.000.000,- akibat wanprestasi atau perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha Prinsip-prinsip Maqashid Syariah mendukung penggunaan AI, yang dapat memastikan keadilan dan transparansi. Dengan begitu, penggunaan AI dalam ODR Hibrida dibenarkan secara teknis, hukum, dan etis menurut syariah, serta meningkatkan akses keadilan dan perlindungan konsumen. (This research discusses the opportunity to use artificial intelligence (AI) in consumer dispute resolution through the Hybrid Online Dispute Resolution (ODR Hybrid) system and the ethical legitimacy of maqashid syariah to it. This research is a doctrinal legal research with conceptual and statutory approaches. The legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials collected through literature study and internet searching which are then analysed prescriptively qualitative. This research found that AI is able to overcome internal problems in the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (BPSK). These problems include the low level of professionalism of the members and the high failure rate of consumer dispute resolution. AI can be used in Hybrid ODR for simple, repetitive disputes with a loss value below Rp. 500,000,000,- due to default or unlawful acts committed by business actors Maqashid Syariah principles support the use of AI, which can ensure fairness and transparency. As such, the use of AI in Hybrid ODR is technically, legally, and ethically justified under Shariah, and enhances access to justice and consumer protection.)

Modelling a Strategy for Accelerating Halal Certification for MSMEs from The Perspective of Maslahah Mursalah

Dalilatud Diniyah — 2025-07-19

This study aims to determine the strategy for accelerating halal certification for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Bangkalan Regency using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, as well as to examine the strategy from the perspective of maslahah mursalah in order to provide maximum benefits for MSME actors and the wider community. This type of research is qualitative using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) approach with the research subjects of the Ministry of Religion, MUI, Halal Center UTM, Cooperative Office. The data used are primary data and secondary data with data collection techniques using interviews and questionnaires. Based on AHP analysis, the criteria that are very influential in the process of accelerating halal certification strategies in Bangkalan are the role of halal certification bodies, which obtained the highest weight of 0.514, compared to market demand with a weight of 0.280, awareness of business actors with a weight of 0.138, and the role of government with a weight of 0.068. From the perspective of maslahah mursalah, these strategies not only aim to fulfill the immediate needs of MSMEs and consumers for halal assurance but also serve the broader public interest by promoting social welfare, economic justice, and community trust. By prioritizing the role of halal certification bodies and enhancing awareness through socialization programs, the approach ensures that the certification process is efficient, transparent, and inclusive. This aligns with the principle of maslahah mursalah, which advocates for solutions that bring maximum benefit and prevent harm to society.

Pendanaan Alternatif Berbasis Wakaf Produktif Persepektif Maqashid Syariah: Solusi Keuangan Berkelanjutan untuk Perguruan Tinggi

Ninda Ardiani — 2025-08-07

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang model pengembangan wakaf produktif guna memperkuat pendanaan pendidikan sebagai solusi alternatif yang berkelanjutan untuk membantu pendanaan pendidikan di tingkat perguruan tinggi. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam dengan responden yang memiliki pemahaman mendalam tentang wakaf dan dunia pendidikan, baik dari kalangan akademisi maupun praktisi. Metode Analytic Network Process digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kriteria prioritas yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengelolaan wakaf produktif, dengan fokus pada dimensi sosial, ekonomi, dan kelembagaan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan model wakaf produktif untuk pendanaan pendidikan tinggi dipengaruhi oleh elemen-elemen yang saling terkait. Tujuan utama pengembangan model ini adalah untuk mencapai kesejahteraan spiritual (0,359), Faktor dominan dalam pengembangan model ini adalah aset wakaf (0,469), dengan uang (0,408) menjadi jenis aset yang paling berpengaruh, diikuti oleh wakaf saham sebagai instrumen pembiayaan utama (0,303) serta Manfaat dari wakaf produktif meliputi profit (0,307). Lembaga yang paling potensial sebagai pengelola wakaf produktif adalah organisasi (0,304). Secara keseluruhan, wakaf uang (0,358) merupakan alternatif terbaik dalam mengoptimalkan wakaf produktif sebagai sumber pendanaan alternatif bagi pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia. Pengembangan model wakaf produktif tidak hanya bentuk aktualisasi nilai maqashid syariah, tetapi juga strategi keuangan inklusif yang dapat memperkuat kapasitas pembiayaan sektor pendidikan di Indonesia. (This study aims to design a productive waqf development model to strengthen education funding as a sustainable alternative solution to assist in funding higher education. Research data was collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews with respondents who have a deep understanding of waqf and the world of education, both from academics and practitioners. The Analytic Network Process method will be used to identify priority criteria that influence the success of productive endowment management, with a focus on social, economic, and institutional dimensions. The research results indicate that the development of a productive endowment model for higher education funding is influenced by interrelated elements. The main objective of developing this model is to achieve spiritual well-being (0.359). The dominant factor in the development of this model is waqf assets (0.469), with cash (0.408) being the most influential type of asset, followed by waqf shares as the main financing instrument (0.303) and the benefits of productive waqf include profit (0.307). The most potential institution as a manager of productive waqf is an organization (0.304). Overall, cash waqf (0.358) is the best alternative in optimizing productive waqf as an alternative funding source for higher education in Indonesia. The development of the productive waqf model is not only a form of actualizing the values of maqashid Syariah but also an inclusive financial strategy that can strengthen the financing capacity of the education sector in Indonesia.)

Disparitas Kebijakan PT. Jasa Raharja Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah

Ahmad Muhris — 2025-08-08

Penelitian ini berfokuskan pada kecelakaan tunggal non angkutan umum yang tidak mendapat idana isantunan kecelakaani lalui ilintas, realita ini menunjukkan adanya disparitas layanan dana santunan kecelakaan terhadap korban kecelakaan, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian terkait kebijakan PT. Jasa Raharja perspektif Maslahah Mursalah. Metodei penelitiani yangi akan digunakan adalahi studi kualitatifi dengani pendekatan kepustakaan yangi bersifat deskriptif-analitis. Sumber primernya adalah kebijakan PT. Jasa Raharja dan regulasi yang berkaitan dengan asuransi, sedangkan sumber sekundernya akan diperoleh dari kajian terdahulu, jurnal atau leterasi lain yang berhubungan dengan objek penelitian. Ditemukan, bahwa kebijakan PT. Jasa Raharja perspektif maslahah mursalah belum dikatan maslahah, karena pada prakteknya terdapat disparitas layanan terhadap korban kecelakaan tunggal yang tidak mendapatkan danai santunan, sedangkan dalam UUi Noi 34i Tahuni 1964i dan PPi Noi 18i 1965 hanya menanggung dana santunan pada pihak ketiga (korban yang ditabrak). Salah satu syarat maslahah pada kebijakan tersebut harus berorentasi pada seluruh korban bukan hanya sebagian. Selain itu, tidak adanya maslahah bagi korban kecelakaan tunggal adalah adanya ketidakadilan, kerugian materil dan psikologis, kurangnya transparansi, dan pengabaian HAM, karena ini menyangkut maslahah primer (Dharuriyat) yang akan menghambat pada kehidupan korban. (This study focuses on single non-public transport accidents that do not receive accident compensation funds. This reality shows that there is a disparity in accident compensation funds for accident victims, so it is necessary to conduct research related to PT. Jasa Raharja's policy from the perspective of Maslahah Mursalah. The research method to be used is a qualitative study with a descriptive-analytical literature review approach. The primary sources are PT. Jasa Raharja's policies and regulations related to insurance, while secondary sources will be obtained from previous studies, journals, or other literature related to the research object. It was found that PT. Jasa Raharja's policies from the Maslahah Mursalah perspective have not been deemed beneficial, as in practice there is a disparity in services for single-vehicle accident victims who do not receive compensation funds, while under Law No. 34 of 1964 and Government Regulation No. 18 of 1965, compensation funds are only provided to third parties (victims who were hit). One of the conditions for maslahah in this policy is that it must be oriented towards all victims, not just some. In addition, the absence of maslahah for victims of single accidents is unfair, causes material and psychological losses, lacks transparency, and disregards human rights, because this concerns primary maslahah (Dharuriyat) that will hinder the lives of victims.)